A Craniopharyngioma is a benign tumour which develops in the brain stem near the pituitary gland which releases hormones directly in to the blood stream. This type of tumour most commonly affects children between the ages of 5 and 10 years old. It can also sometimes affect adults.
If you have a Craniopharyngioma, you can experience a variety of symptoms including:
- Increasing pressure on the brain, usually caused by hydrocephalus
- Alter the production of hormones from the pituitary
- Reduced vision due to pressure or damage to the optic nerve
You may also develop headaches, nausea, and vomiting especially in the morning as well as having difficulty with your balance. You may also have problems going to the toilet as well as problems with your vision.
To diagnose a Craniopharyngioma, patients will have to under go a number of tests. These include:
- Endocrine hormones assessments to look for any imbalances
- CT scan or MRI of the brain
- Neurological evaluation
Patients who have a Craniopharyngioma undergo surgery to completely remove the lesion however radiation therapy is needed if the tumour has a classic appearance on a CT scan. Patients are likely to be a permanent cure for 80 to 90% if the tumour can be completely removed with surgery or can be treated with high doses of radiation. If the tumour comes back, it usually does so within the first 2 years after surgery.
Complications
A large percentage of patients have long-term hormonal, visual and nervous system problems after Craniopharyngioma is treated.
When the tumour is not completely removed, the condition may return.
Amongst the centres that treat Craniopharyngioma, there are the Walton Centre and Alderhey hospital in Liverpool. These are specialist Neuroscience, Tertiary Care Centres who regularly receive referrals to treat patients.
When to Contact a Medical Professional
Call your health care provider for the following symptoms:
Headache, nausea, vomiting, or balance problems (signs of increased pressure on the brain)
Increased thirst and urination
Poor growth in a child
Vision changes
If you find you suffer from any of these symptoms and would like sources of help and advice please visit:
http://www.pituitary.org.uk/information/pituitary-conditions/craniopharyngioma/
